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Periodic Table of Elements

Element Fermium - Fm

Comprehensive data on the chemical element Fermium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Fermium. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.

Fermium Menu

• Fermium Page One
  • Overview of Fermium
  • Fermium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Fermium
  • Chemical Properties of Fermium
  • Physical Properties of Fermium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Fermium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides

Overview of Fermium

• Atomic Number: 100
• Period: 7
• Series: Actinides

Fermium's Name in Other Languages

• Latin: Fermium
• Czech: Fermium
• Croatian: Fermij
• French: Fermium
• German: Fermium - s
• Italian: Fermio
• Norwegian: Fermium
• Portuguese: Férmio
• Russian: Фермий
• Spanish: Fermio
• Swedish: Fermium

Atomic Structure of Fermium

• Atomic Radius:
• Atomic Volume:
• Covalent Radius:
• Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture)σ_a/barns: 5800
• Crystal Structure:

• Electron Configuration:

  1s² 2s²p⁶ 3s²p⁶d¹⁰ 4s²p⁶d¹⁰f¹⁴ 5s²p⁶d¹⁰f¹² 6s²p⁶ 7s²

• Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,32,30,8,2

  Shell Model
  

• Ionic Radius:
• Filling Orbital: 5f¹²
• Number of Electrons (with no charge): 100
• Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 157
• Number of Protons: 100
• Oxidation States: 3
• Valence Electrons: 5f¹² 7s²

Chemical Properties of Fermium

• Electrochemical Equivalent: 3.1974g/amp-hr
• Electron Work Function:
• Electronegativity: 1.3 (Pauling); 1.2 (Allrod Rochow)
• Heat of Fusion: kJ/mol
• Incompatibilities:

• Ionization Potential
  • First: 6.5
• Valence Electron Potential (-eV):

Physical Properties of Fermium

• Atomic Mass Average: 257
• Boiling Point:
• Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K^-1: N/A
• Conductivity

  Electrical:
  Thermal: 0.1 W/cmK

• Description:

  Man made radioactive metal.

• Flammablity Class:
• Freezing Point: see melting point
• Heat of Vaporization: kJ/mol
• Melting Point:
• Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm):
• Specific Heat:

Regulatory / Health

• CAS Number
  • 7440-72-4
• NFPA 704
  • Health:
  • Fire:
  • Reactivity:
  • Special Hazard: Radioactive<
  • OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
    • No limits set by OSHA
  • OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
    • No limits set by OSHA
  • NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
    • No limits set by NIOSH
  • Levels In Humans:
    Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.
    • Blood/mg dm^-3: nil
    • Bone/p.p.m: nil
    • Liver/p.p.m: nil
    • Muscle/p.p.m: nil
    • Daily Dietary Intake: nil
    • Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: nil

  Who / Where / When / How

  • Discoverer: G.R. Choppin, S.G. Thompson, A. Ghiorso and B.G. Harvey
  • Discovery Location: Berkeley Califorinia United States
  • Discovery Year: 1952
  • Name Origin:

    Named after the scientist Enrico Fermi.

  • Abundance of Fermium:
    • Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: nil
    • Seawater/p.p.m.: nil
    • Atmosphere/p.p.m.: nil
    • Sun (Relative to H=1E¹²): N/A
  • Sources of Fermium:

    Fm-253 can be produced in nanogram (10^-9) quantities by bombarding Pu-239 with neutrons. Total world production is around 3E^-6 grams.

  • Uses of Fermium:

    None

  • Additional Notes:

    In 1952 Fermium was discovered in the debris of a thermonuclear test in the Pacific. Fermium would never be encountered normally and very few atoms have ever been produced.

  Fermium Menu

  • Fermium Page One
    • Overview of Fermium
    • Fermium's Name in Other Languages
    • Atomic Structure of Fermium
    • Chemical Properties of Fermium
    • Physical Properties of Fermium
    • Regulatory / Health
    • Who/When/Where/How
  • Fermium Page Two
    • Nuclides / Isotopes
    • Potential Parent Nuclides

  References

  A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.

  Related Resources

  • Anatomy of the Atom
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  • Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
    Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations.
  • Chemical Database
    This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.

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  Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Fermium - Fm. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2024. Accessed on-line: 4/19/2024
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