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Periodic Table of Elements

Element Terbium - Tb

Comprehensive data on the chemical element Terbium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Terbium. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.

Terbium Menu

• Terbium Page One
  • Overview of Terbium
  • Terbium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Terbium
  • Chemical Properties of Terbium
  • Physical Properties of Terbium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Terbium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides

Overview of Terbium

• Atomic Number: 65
• Period: 6
• Series: Lanthanides

Terbium's Name in Other Languages

• Latin: Terbium
• Czech: Terbium
• Croatian: Terbij
• French: Terbium
• German: Terbium - s
• Italian: Terbio
• Norwegian: Terbium
• Portuguese: Térbio
• Russian: Тербий
• Spanish: Térbio
• Swedish: Terbium

Atomic Structure of Terbium

• Atomic Radius: 2.51Å
• Atomic Volume: 19.2cm³/mol
• Covalent Radius: 1.59Å
• Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) σ_a/barns: 23.4
• Crystal Structure: Hexagonal

  

• Electron Configuration:

  1s² 2s²p⁶ 3s²p⁶d¹⁰ 4s²p⁶d¹⁰f⁹ 5s²p⁶ 6s²

• Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,27,8,2

  Shell Model
  

• Ionic Radius: 0.923Å
• Filling Orbital: 4f⁹
• Number of Electrons (with no charge): 65
• Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 94
• Number of Protons: 65
• Oxidation States: 3,4
• Valence Electrons: 4f⁹ 6s²

Chemical Properties of Terbium

• Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.9765g/amp-hr
• Electron Work Function: 3eV
• Electronegativity: 1.2 (Pauling); 1.1 (Allrod Rochow)
• Heat of Fusion: 10.8kJ/mol
• Incompatibilities:

• Ionization Potential
  • First: 5.86
  • Second: 11.525
  • Third: 21.91
• Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 46.8

Physical Properties of Terbium

• Atomic Mass Average: 158.9253
• Boiling Point: 3296K 3023°C 5473°F
• Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K^-1: 7E^-6
• Conductivity

  Electrical: 0.00889 10⁶/cm Ω
  Thermal: 0.111 W/cmK

• Density: 8.23g/cc @ 300K
• Description:

  Silvery rare earth metal that slowly oxidises in air and reacts with cold water.

• Elastic Modulus:
  • Bulk: 38.7/GPa
  • Rigidity: 22.1/GPa
  • Youngs: 55.7/GPa
• Enthalpy of Atomization: 314 kJ/mole @ 25°C
• Enthalpy of Fusion: 10.8 kJ/mole
• Enthalpy of Vaporization: 330.9 kJ/mole
• Flammablity Class:
• Freezing Point: see melting point
• Hardness Scale
  • Brinell: 677 MN m^-2
  • Vickers: 863 MN m^-2
• Heat of Vaporization: 330.9kJ/mol
• Melting Point: 1630K 1357°C 2475°F
• Molar Volume: 19.31 cm³/mole
• Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
• Specific Heat: 0.18J/gK

Regulatory / Health

• CAS Number
  • 7440-27-9
• OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
  • No limits set by OSHA
• OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
  • No limits set by OSHA
• NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
  • No limits set by NIOSH
• Levels In Humans:
  Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.
  • Blood/mg dm^-3: n/a
  • Bone/p.p.m: n/a
  • Liver/p.p.m: n/a
  • Muscle/p.p.m: n/a
  • Daily Dietary Intake: n/a
  • Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: n/a
• Discovery Year: 1843
• Name Origin:

  Named for Ytterby, Sweden.

• Abundance of Terbium:
  • Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 1.1
  • Seawater/p.p.m.:
    • Atlantic Suface: 0.0000001
    • Atlantic Deep: 1.5E-07
    • Pacific Surface: 8E-08
    • Pacific Deep: 2.5E-07
  • Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
  • Sun (Relative to H=1E¹²): N/A
• Sources of Terbium:

  Found with other rare earth metals (chiefly in monazite ore). Annual world wide production is around 10 tons. Primary mining areas are in USA, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka and Australia.

• Uses of Terbium:

  Used in alloys, fuel cell stablizer and in lasers. Also used in the production of electronic devices.

• Additional Notes:

Terbium Menu

• Terbium Page One
  • Overview of Terbium
  • Terbium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Terbium
  • Chemical Properties of Terbium
  • Physical Properties of Terbium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Terbium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides

References

A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.

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• Chemical Database
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Citing this page

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Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Terbium - Tb. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2024. Accessed on-line: 4/16/2024
https://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Tb.html
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