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Periodic Table of Elements

Element Rubidium - Rb

Comprehensive data on the chemical element Rubidium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Rubidium. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.

Rubidium Menu

• Rubidium Page One
  • Overview of Rubidium
  • Rubidium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Rubidium
  • Chemical Properties of Rubidium
  • Physical Properties of Rubidium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Rubidium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides

Overview of Rubidium

• Atomic Number: 37
• Group: 1
• Period: 5
• Series: Alkali Metals

Rubidium's Name in Other Languages

• Latin: Rubidium
• Czech: Rubidium
• Croatian: Rubidij
• French: Rubidium
• German: Rubidium - s
• Italian: Rubidio
• Norwegian: Rubidium
• Portuguese: Rubidio
• Russian: Рубидий
• Spanish: Rubídio
• Swedish: Rubidium

Atomic Structure of Rubidium

• Atomic Radius: 2.98Å
• Atomic Volume: 55.9cm³/mol
• Covalent Radius: 2.16Å
• Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) σ_a/barns: 0.38
• Crystal Structure: Cubic body centered

  

• Electron Configuration:

  1s² 2s²p⁶ 3s²p⁶d¹⁰ 4s²p⁶ 5s¹

• Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,8,1

  Shell Model
  

• Ionic Radius: 1.52Å
• Filling Orbital: 5s¹
• Number of Electrons (with no charge): 37
• Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 48
• Number of Protons: 37
• Oxidation States: 1
• Valence Electrons: 5s¹

  Electron Dot Model
  

Chemical Properties of Rubidium

• Electrochemical Equivalent: 3.1888g/amp-hr
• Electron Work Function: 2.16eV
• Electronegativity: 0.82 (Pauling); 0.89 (Allrod Rochow)
• Heat of Fusion: 2.192kJ/mol
• Incompatibilities:

• Ionization Potential
  • First: 4.177
  • Second: 27.28
  • Third: 40
• Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 9.47

Physical Properties of Rubidium

• Atomic Mass Average: 85.4678
• Boiling Point: 961K 688°C 1270°F
• Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K^-1: 90E^-6
• Conductivity

  Electrical: 0.0779 10⁶/cm Ω
  Thermal: 0.582 W/cmK

• Density: 1.63g/cc @ 300K
• Description:

  Soft silver white metal that oxidises rapidly and ignites in air.

• Elastic Modulus:
  • Bulk: 2.5/GPa
  • Rigidity: 0.91/GPa
  • Youngs: 2.35/GPa
• Enthalpy of Atomization: 82 kJ/mole @ 25°C
• Enthalpy of Fusion: 2.19 kJ/mole
• Enthalpy of Vaporization: 69.2 kJ/mole
• Flammablity Class:
• Freezing Point: see melting point
• Hardness Scale
  • Brinell: 0.216 MN m^-2
  • Mohs: 0.3
• Heat of Vaporization: 72.216kJ/mol
• Melting Point: 312.79K 39.64°C 103.35°F
• Molar Volume: 55.79 cm³/mole
• Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
• Specific Heat: 0.363J/gK
• Vapor Pressure = 0.000156Pa@39.64°C

Regulatory / Health

• CAS Number
  • 7440-17-7
• OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
  • No limits set by OSHA
• OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
  • No limits set by OSHA
• NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
  • No limits set by NIOSH
• Levels In Humans:
  Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.
  • Blood/mg dm^-3: 2.49
  • Bone/p.p.m: 0.1-5
  • Liver/p.p.m: 20-70
  • Muscle/p.p.m: 20-70
  • Daily Dietary Intake: 1.5-6 mg
  • Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: 680 mg
• Discovery Year: 1861
• Name Origin:

  Latin: rubidus (red); the color its salts impart to flames.

• Abundance of Rubidium:
  • Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 90
  • Seawater/p.p.m.: 0.12
  • Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
  • Sun (Relative to H=1E¹²): 400
• Sources of Rubidium:

  Occurs abundantly, but so widespread that production is limited. Usually obtained from lithium production.

• Uses of Rubidium:

  Has limited commercial uses and is primarily used for research purposes.

• Additional Notes:

Rubidium Menu

• Rubidium Page One
  • Overview of Rubidium
  • Rubidium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Rubidium
  • Chemical Properties of Rubidium
  • Physical Properties of Rubidium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Rubidium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides

References

A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.

Related Resources

• Anatomy of the Atom
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• Molarity, Molality and Normality
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• Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
  Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations.
• Chemical Database
  This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.

Citing this page

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Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Rubidium - Rb. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2024. Accessed on-line: 11/21/2024
https://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Rb.html
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