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2004 ERG (Emergency Response Guidebook)

This is an online version of the 2004 ERG (Emergency Response Guidebook) which is produced by the USDOT for first responders during the initial phase of a Dangerous goods/Hazardous Materials incident. Have you ever wondered what those four digit numbers on the placards on the side of trucks and rail cars mean? Our online 2004 ERG will give you your answer.

GUIDE 116
GASES - FLAMMABLE (Unstable)

POTENTIAL HAZARDS

FIRE OR EXPLOSION

• EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE.
• Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
• Will form explosive mixtures with air.
• Silane will ignite spontaneously in air.
• Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire.
• Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground.
• Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
• Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices.
• Containers may explode when heated.
• Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

HEALTH

• Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning.
• Some may be toxic if inhaled at high concentrations.
• Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite.
• Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.

PUBLIC SAFETY

• CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
• As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.
• Keep unauthorized personnel away.
• Stay upwind.
• Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).
• Keep out of low areas.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

• Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
• Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

EVACUATION

Large Spill

• Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).

Fire

• If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE

FIRE

• DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

Small Fires

• Dry chemical or CO2.

Large Fires

• Water spray or fog.
• Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.

Fire involving Tanks

• Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
• Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
• Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.
• Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
• ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
• For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

SPILL OR LEAK

• ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
• All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
• Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
• Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
• Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.
• Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.
• If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.
• Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
• Isolate area until gas has dispersed.

FIRST AID

• Move victim to fresh air.
• Call 911 or emergency medical service.
• Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
• Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
• Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
• In case of contact with liquefied gas, thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water.
• In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.
• Keep victim warm and quiet.
• Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

Data Source for our online 2004 ERG

Related Resources

• Guide for Handling Household Chemicals
  Things you can do to make your home safer.
• USDOT Hazardous Materials Table 49 CFR 172.101
  An online version of the USDOT's listing of hazardous materials from 49CFR 172.101. This table can be sorted by proper shipping name, UN/NA ID and/or by primary hazard class/division.
• US DOT Hazardous Materials Transportation Placards
  Hazardous materials placards (DOT placards) are required when shipping hazardous materials in the United States, Canada and Mexico. These pages provide US DOT definitions for each hazmat placard.
• Chemical Database
  This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.

Disclaimer

WARNING: These pages are for general reference and educational purposes only and MUST NOT be relied upon as a sole source to determine regulatory compliance or where matters of life and health are concerned. This site and the author do not warrant or guarantee the accuracy or the sufficiency of the information provided and do not assume any responsibility for its use.

To ensure regulatory compliance when transporting hazardous materials or dangerous goods, one must receive proper training and certification from a qualified instructor and refer to the current year's Code of Federal Regulations Title 49 (49CFR) or your country's shipping regulations. In matters regarding workplace safety, refer to current OSHA regulations (29CFR) and NIOSH guidelines or your own country's health and safety regulations. No one should ever enter into a hazardous environment without proper training from qualified instructors.

Citing this page

If you need to cite this page, you can copy this text:

Kenneth Barbalace. 2004 ERG (Emergency Response Guidebook) - GUIDE 116. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2009. Accessed on-line: 11/20/2009
http://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/hazmat/erg/gn/116.html
.