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Periodic Table of Elements

Element Francium - Fr

Comprehensive data on the chemical element Francium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Francium. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.

Francium Menu

• Francium Page One
  • Overview of Francium
  • Francium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Francium
  • Chemical Properties of Francium
  • Physical Properties of Francium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Francium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides

Overview of Francium

• Atomic Number: 87
• Group: 1
• Period: 7
• Series: Alkali Metals

Francium's Name in Other Languages

• Latin: Francium
• Czech: Francium
• Croatian: Francij
• French: Francium
• German: Francium - s
• Italian: Francio
• Norwegian: Francium
• Portuguese: Frâncio
• Russian: Франций
• Spanish: Francio
• Swedish: Francium

Atomic Structure of Francium

• Atomic Radius:
• Atomic Volume:
• Covalent Radius:
• Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture)σ_a/barns:
• Crystal Structure: Cubic body centered

  

• Electron Configuration:

  1s² 2s²p⁶ 3s²p⁶d¹⁰ 4s²p⁶d¹⁰f¹⁴ 5s²p⁶d¹⁰ 6s²p⁶ 7s¹

• Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,32,18,8,1

  Shell Model
  

• Ionic Radius: 1.8Å
• Filling Orbital: 7s¹
• Number of Electrons (with no charge): 87
• Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 136
• Number of Protons: 87
• Oxidation States: 1
• Valence Electrons: 7s¹

  Electron Dot Model
  

Chemical Properties of Francium

• Electrochemical Equivalent: 8.3209g/amp-hr
• Electron Work Function:
• Electronegativity: 0.7 (Pauling); 0.86 (Allrod Rochow)
• Heat of Fusion: 9.39kJ/mol
• Incompatibilities:

• Ionization Potential
  • First: 3.83
• Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 8

Physical Properties of Francium

• Atomic Mass Average: 223
• Boiling Point: 950K 677°C 1251°F
• Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K^-1: N/A
• Conductivity

  Electrical: 0.03 10⁶/cm Ω
  Thermal: 0.15 W/cmK

• Description:

  Radioactive alkali metal with short lived nuclides.

• Enthalpy of Atomization: 71 kJ/mole @ 25°C
• Flammablity Class:
• Freezing Point: see melting point
• Heat of Vaporization: kJ/mol
• Melting Point: 300K 27°C 81°F
• Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
• Specific Heat:

Regulatory / Health

• CAS Number
  • 7440-73-5
• NFPA 704
  • Health:
  • Fire:
  • Reactivity:
  • Special Hazard: Radioactive<
  • OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
    • No limits set by OSHA
  • OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
    • No limits set by OSHA
  • NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
    • No limits set by NIOSH
  • Levels In Humans:
    Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.
    • Blood/mg dm^-3: nil
    • Bone/p.p.m: nil
    • Liver/p.p.m: nil
    • Muscle/p.p.m: nil
    • Daily Dietary Intake: nil
    • Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: nil

  Who / Where / When / How

  • Discoverer: Marguerite Perey
  • Discovery Location: Paris France
  • Discovery Year: 1939
  • Name Origin:

    Named after France.

  • Abundance of Francium:
    • Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: N/A
    • Seawater/p.p.m.: nil
    • Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
    • Sun (Relative to H=1E¹²): N/A
  • Sources of Francium:

    Formed by decay of actinium. Chemical properties similar to cesium. Decays to radium or astatine. There is probably less than 30 grams of francium in the earth's crust at any one time. It is not commercially available.

  • Uses of Francium:

    None

  • Additional Notes:

    Francium is never encountered normally, however, handling it would be very dangerous as it is a powerful source of alpha radiation.

  Francium Menu

  • Francium Page One
    • Overview of Francium
    • Francium's Name in Other Languages
    • Atomic Structure of Francium
    • Chemical Properties of Francium
    • Physical Properties of Francium
    • Regulatory / Health
    • Who/When/Where/How
  • Francium Page Two
    • Nuclides / Isotopes
    • Potential Parent Nuclides

  References

  A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.

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