Periodic Table of Elements
Element Oxygen - O
Comprehensive data on the chemical element Oxygen is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Oxygen. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.
Oxygen Menu
- Oxygen Page One
- Oxygen Page Two
- Oxygen Page Three
Overview of Oxygen
- Atomic Number: 8
- Group: 16
- Period: 2
- Series: Nonmetals
Oxygen's Name in Other Languages
- Latin: Oxygenium
- Czech: Kyslík
- Croatian: Kisik
- French: oxygène
- German: Sauerstoff - r
- Italian: Ossigeno
- Norwegian: Oksygen
- Portuguese: Oxigênio
- Russian: Кислород
- Spanish: Oxígeno
- Swedish: Syre
Atomic Structure of Oxygen
- Atomic Radius: 0.65Å
- Atomic Volume: 14cm3/mol
- Covalent Radius: 0.73Å
- Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) σa/barns: 0.00019
- Crystal Structure: Cubic
- Electron Configuration:
- 1s2 2s2p4
- Electrons per Energy Level: 2,6
- Ionic Radius: 1.4Å
- Filling Orbital: 2p4
- Number of Electrons (with no charge): 8
- Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 8
- Number of Protons: 8
- Oxidation States: -2,-1
- Valence Electrons: 2s2p4
- Electron Dot Model
- Electron Dot Model
Chemical Properties of Oxygen
- Electrochemical Equivalent: 0.29847g/amp-hr
- Electron Work Function:
- Electronegativity: 3.44 (Pauling); 3.5 (Allrod Rochow)
- Heat of Fusion: 0.22259kJ/mol
- Incompatibilities:
- oxidizable materials
- Ionization Potential
- Valence Electron Potential (-eV): -20.6
Physical Properties of Oxygen
- Atomic Mass Average: 15.9994
- Boiling Point: 90.33K -182.82°C -297.08°F
- Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K-1: N/A
- Conductivity
- Electrical:
Thermal: 0.0002674 W/cmK
- Electrical:
- Density: 1.429g/L @ 273K & 1atm
- Description:
- Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas
- Enthalpy of Atomization: 249.4 kJ/mole @ 25°C
- Enthalpy of Fusion: 0.22 kJ/mole
- Enthalpy of Vaporization: 3.41 kJ/mole
- Flammablity Class: Non-flammable gas (Oxidizer)
- Freezing Point: see melting point
- Heat of Vaporization: 3.4099kJ/mol
- Melting Point: 50.5K -222.65°C -368.77°F
- Molar Volume: 14 cm3/mole
- Optical Refractive Index: 1.000271 (gas) 1.221 (liquid)
- Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Gas
- Specific Heat: 0.92J/gK
Regulatory / Health
- CAS Number
- 7782-44-7
- NFPA 704
- Health:
- Fire:
- Reactivity:
- Special Hazard: OxidizerOSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
- No limits set by OSHA
- OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
- No limits set by OSHA
- NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
- No limits set by NIOSH
- Levels In Humans:
Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.- Blood/mg dm-3: constituent of water
- Bone/p.p.m: 285000
- Liver/p.p.m: 160000
- Muscle/p.p.m: 160000
- Daily Dietary Intake: mainly water
- Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: 43 kg (mainly water)
Who / Where / When / How
- Discoverer: Joseph Priestley, Carl Wilhelm Scheele
- Discovery Location: Leeds England (Priestley)/Uppsala Sweden (Scheele)
- Discovery Year: 1774
- Name Origin:
- Greek: oxus (acid) and gennan (generate).
- Abundance of Oxygen:
- Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 474000
- Seawater/p.p.m.: N/A
- Atmosphere/p.p.m.: 209500
- Sun (Relative to H=1E12): N/A
- Sources of Oxygen:
- Obtained primarily from by liquification and then fractional distillation of the air. Annual world wide production is around 100,000,000 tons.
- Uses of Oxygen:
- Forms almost 21% of atmosphere. Used in steel making, welding, water purification, cement. It is also required for supporting life and combustion.
- Additional Notes:
- Oxygen is the most abundant element on the surface of the earth.
Oxygen Menu
- Oxygen Page One
- Oxygen Page Two
- Oxygen Page Three
References
A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.
Related Resources
- Anatomy of the Atom
Answers many questions regarding the structure of atoms. - Molarity, Molality and Normality
Introduces stoichiometry and explains the differences between molarity, molality and normality. - Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations. - Chemical Database
This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.
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