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Periodic Table of Elements

Element Osmium - Os

Comprehensive data on the chemical element Osmium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Osmium. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.

Osmium Menu

• Osmium Page One
  • Overview of Osmium
  • Osmium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Osmium
  • Chemical Properties of Osmium
  • Physical Properties of Osmium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Osmium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides
• Osmium Page Three
  • Common Chemical Compounds of Osmium

Overview of Osmium

• Atomic Number: 76
• Group: 8
• Period: 6
• Series: Transition Metals

Osmium's Name in Other Languages

• Latin: Osmium
• Czech: Osmium
• Croatian: Osmij
• French: Osmium
• German: Osmium - s
• Italian: Osmio
• Norwegian: Osmium
• Portuguese: Osmio
• Russian: Осмий
• Spanish: Osmio
• Swedish: Osmium

Atomic Structure of Osmium

• Atomic Radius: 1.92Å
• Atomic Volume: 8.49cm³/mol
• Covalent Radius: 1.26Å
• Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) σ_a/barns: 15
• Crystal Structure: Hexagonal

  

• Electron Configuration:

  1s² 2s²p⁶ 3s²p⁶d¹⁰ 4s²p⁶d¹⁰f¹⁴ 5s²p⁶d⁶ 6s²

• Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,32,14,2

  Shell Model
  

• Ionic Radius: 0.63Å
• Filling Orbital: 5d⁶
• Number of Electrons (with no charge): 76
• Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 114
• Number of Protons: 76
• Oxidation States: 2,3,4,6,8
• Valence Electrons: 5d⁶ 6s²

  Electron Dot Model
  

Chemical Properties of Osmium

• Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.774g/amp-hr
• Electron Work Function: 4.83eV
• Electronegativity: 2.2 (Pauling); 1.52 (Allrod Rochow)
• Heat of Fusion: 31.8kJ/mol
• Incompatibilities:

• Ionization Potential
  • First: 8.7
• Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 91.4

Physical Properties of Osmium

• Atomic Mass Average: 190.2
• Boiling Point: 5285K 5012°C 9054°F
• Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K^-1: N/A
• Conductivity

  Electrical: 0.109 10⁶/cm Ω
  Thermal: 0.876 W/cmK

• Density: 22.6g/cc @ 300K
• Description:

  Fine black powder or hard blue-gray mass with a pungent odor.

• Elastic Modulus:
  • Bulk: 373/GPa
  • Rigidity: 223/GPa
  • Youngs: 559/GPa
• Enthalpy of Atomization: 669 kJ/mole @ 25°C
• Enthalpy of Fusion: 29.3 kJ/mole
• Enthalpy of Vaporization: 627.6 kJ/mole
• Flammablity Class:
• Freezing Point: see melting point
• Hardness Scale
  • Brinell: 3920 MN m^-2
  • Mohs: 7
• Heat of Vaporization: 746kJ/mol
• Melting Point: 3300K 3027°C 5481°F
• Molar Volume: 8.41 cm³/mole
• Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
• Specific Heat: 0.13J/gK
• Vapor Pressure = 2.52Pa@3027°C

Regulatory / Health

• CAS Number
  • 7440-04-2
• OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
  • No limits set by OSHA
• OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
  • No limits set by OSHA
• NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
  • No limits set by NIOSH
• Levels In Humans:
  Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.
  • Blood/mg dm^-3: n/a
  • Bone/p.p.m: n/a
  • Liver/p.p.m: n/a
  • Muscle/p.p.m: n/a
  • Daily Dietary Intake: n/a
  • Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: n/a
• Discovery Year: 1803
• Name Origin:

  Greek: osmê (odor).

• Abundance of Osmium:
  • Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 0.0001
  • Seawater/p.p.m.: N/A
  • Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
  • Sun (Relative to H=1E¹²): 5
• Sources of Osmium:

  Produced as a by-product of nickel refining. Annual world wide production is around 0.06 tons.

• Uses of Osmium:

  Used to tip gold pen points, instrument pivots (such as compass needles and clock bearings), to make electric light filaments. Used for high temperature alloys and pressure bearings.

• Additional Notes:

Osmium Menu

• Osmium Page One
  • Overview of Osmium
  • Osmium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Osmium
  • Chemical Properties of Osmium
  • Physical Properties of Osmium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Osmium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides
• Osmium Page Three
  • Common Chemical Compounds of Osmium

References

A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.

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• Chemical Database
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Citing this page

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Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Osmium - Os. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2024. Accessed on-line: 12/21/2024
https://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Os.html
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