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Periodic Table of Elements

Element Samarium - Sm

Comprehensive data on the chemical element Samarium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Samarium. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.

Samarium Menu

• Samarium Page One
  • Overview of Samarium
  • Samarium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Samarium
  • Chemical Properties of Samarium
  • Physical Properties of Samarium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Samarium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides

Overview of Samarium

• Atomic Number: 62
• Period: 6
• Series: Lanthanides

Samarium's Name in Other Languages

• Latin: Samarium
• Czech: Samarium
• Croatian: Samarij
• French: Samarium
• German: Samarium - s
• Italian: Samario
• Norwegian: Samarium
• Portuguese: Samário
• Russian: Самарий
• Spanish: Samário
• Swedish: Samarium

Atomic Structure of Samarium

• Atomic Radius: 2.59Å
• Atomic Volume: 19.95cm³/mol
• Covalent Radius: 1.62Å
• Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) σ_a/barns: 5922
• Crystal Structure: Rhombohedral

  

• Electron Configuration:

  1s² 2s²p⁶ 3s²p⁶d¹⁰ 4s²p⁶d¹⁰f⁶ 5s²p⁶ 6s²

• Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,24,8,2

  Shell Model
  

• Ionic Radius: 0.964Å
• Filling Orbital: 4f⁶
• Number of Electrons (with no charge): 62
• Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 88
• Number of Protons: 62
• Oxidation States: 3,2
• Valence Electrons: 4f⁶ 6s²

  Electron Dot Model
  

Chemical Properties of Samarium

• Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.87g/amp-hr
• Electron Work Function: 2.7eV
• Electronegativity: 1.17 (Pauling); 1.07 (Allrod Rochow)
• Heat of Fusion: 8.63kJ/mol
• Incompatibilities:

• Ionization Potential
  • First: 5.64
  • Second: 11.069
  • Third: 23.423
• Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 44.8

Physical Properties of Samarium

• Atomic Mass Average: 150.36
• Boiling Point: 2064K 1791°C 3256°F
• Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K^-1: 10.4E^-6
• Conductivity

  Electrical: 0.00956 10⁶/cm Ω
  Thermal: 0.133 W/cmK

• Density: 7.52g/cc @ 300K
• Description:

  Silver colored rare earth metal. Forms an oxide coating in moist air but is stable in dry air.

• Elastic Modulus:
  • Bulk: 37.8/GPa
  • Rigidity: 19.5/GPa
  • Youngs: 49.7/GPa
• Enthalpy of Atomization: 209 kJ/mole @ 25°C
• Enthalpy of Fusion: 8.62 kJ/mole
• Enthalpy of Vaporization: 166.4 kJ/mole
• Flammablity Class:
• Freezing Point: see melting point
• Hardness Scale
  • Brinell: 442 MN m^-2
  • Vickers: 412 MN m^-2
• Heat of Vaporization: 166.4kJ/mol
• Melting Point: 1345K 1072°C 1962°F
• Molar Volume: 19.95 cm³/mole
• Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
• Specific Heat: 0.2J/gK
• Vapor Pressure = 563Pa@1072°C

Regulatory / Health

• CAS Number
  • 7440-19-9
• OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
  • No limits set by OSHA
• OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
  • No limits set by OSHA
• NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
  • No limits set by NIOSH
• Levels In Humans:
  Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.
  • Blood/mg dm^-3: 0.008
  • Bone/p.p.m: n/a
  • Liver/p.p.m: n/a
  • Muscle/p.p.m: n/a
  • Daily Dietary Intake: n/a
  • Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: 0.05 mg
• Discovery Year: 1879
• Name Origin:

  From the mineral samarskite.

• Abundance of Samarium:
  • Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 7.9
  • Seawater/p.p.m.:
    • Atlantic Suface: 0.0000004
    • Atlantic Deep: 6.4E-07
    • Pacific Surface: 0.0000004
    • Pacific Deep: 0.000001
  • Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
  • Sun (Relative to H=1E¹²): 5.2
• Sources of Samarium:

  Found with other rare earths. The chief ore it is found in is monazite. Around 700 tons are produced world wide on an annual basis. Primary mining areas are in USA, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka and Australia.

• Uses of Samarium:

  Used in carbon-arc lighting, permanent magnets, organic reagents, lasers, alloys, headphones and as an absorber in nuclear reactors.

• Additional Notes:

Samarium Menu

• Samarium Page One
  • Overview of Samarium
  • Samarium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Samarium
  • Chemical Properties of Samarium
  • Physical Properties of Samarium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Samarium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides

References

A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.

Related Resources

• Anatomy of the Atom
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• Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
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• Chemical Database
  This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.

Citing this page

If you need to cite this page, you can copy this text:

Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Samarium - Sm. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2024. Accessed on-line: 12/21/2024
https://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Sm.html
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