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Periodic Table of Elements

Element Strontium - Sr

Comprehensive data on the chemical element Strontium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Strontium. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.

Strontium Menu

• Strontium Page One
  • Overview of Strontium
  • Strontium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Strontium
  • Chemical Properties of Strontium
  • Physical Properties of Strontium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Strontium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides
• Strontium Page Three
  • Common Chemical Compounds of Strontium

Overview of Strontium

• Atomic Number: 38
• Group: 2
• Period: 5
• Series: Alkali Earth Metals

Strontium's Name in Other Languages

• Latin: Strontium
• Czech: Stroncium
• Croatian: Stroncij
• French: Strontium
• German: Strontium - s
• Italian: Stronzio
• Norwegian: Strontium
• Portuguese: Estrôncio
• Russian: Стронций
• Spanish: Estroncio
• Swedish: Strontium

Atomic Structure of Strontium

• Atomic Radius: 2.45Å
• Atomic Volume: 33.7cm³/mol
• Covalent Radius: 1.91Å
• Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) σ_a/barns: 1.28
• Crystal Structure: Cubic face centered

  

• Electron Configuration:

  1s² 2s²p⁶ 3s²p⁶d¹⁰ 4s²p⁶ 5s²

• Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,8,2

  Shell Model
  

• Ionic Radius: 1.12Å
• Filling Orbital: 5s²
• Number of Electrons (with no charge): 38
• Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 50
• Number of Protons: 38
• Oxidation States: 2
• Valence Electrons: 5s²

  Electron Dot Model
  

Chemical Properties of Strontium

• Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.635g/amp-hr
• Electron Work Function: 2.59eV
• Electronegativity: 0.95 (Pauling); 0.99 (Allrod Rochow)
• Heat of Fusion: 8.3kJ/mol
• Incompatibilities:

• Ionization Potential
  • First: 5.695
  • Second: 11.03
  • Third: 43.6
• Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 25.7

Physical Properties of Strontium

• Atomic Mass Average: 87.62
• Boiling Point: 1657K 1384°C 2523°F
• Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K^-1: 23E^-6
• Conductivity

  Electrical: 0.0762 10⁶/cm Ω
  Thermal: 0.353 W/cmK

• Density: 2.54g/cc @ 300K
• Description:

  Soft silvery yellow metal that will burn if ignited in air.

• Elastic Modulus:
  • Bulk: 12/GPa
  • Rigidity: 6.03/GPa
  • Youngs: 15.7/GPa
• Enthalpy of Atomization: 163.2 kJ/mole @ 25°C
• Enthalpy of Fusion: 9.16 kJ/mole
• Enthalpy of Vaporization: 150 kJ/mole
• Flammablity Class:
• Freezing Point: see melting point
• Hardness Scale
  • Mohs: 1.5
• Heat of Vaporization: 144kJ/mol
• Melting Point: 1042K 769°C 1416°F
• Molar Volume: 33.7 cm³/mole
• Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
• Specific Heat: 0.3J/gK
• Vapor Pressure = 246Pa@769°C

Regulatory / Health

• CAS Number
  • 7440-24-6
• OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
  • No limits set by OSHA
• OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
  • No limits set by OSHA
• NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
  • No limits set by NIOSH
• Levels In Humans:
  Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.
  • Blood/mg dm^-3: 0.031
  • Bone/p.p.m: 36-140
  • Liver/p.p.m: 0.05-0.36
  • Muscle/p.p.m: 0.12-0.35
  • Daily Dietary Intake: 0.8-5 mg
  • Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: 320 mg
• Discovery Year: 1790
• Name Origin:

  From Strontian a small Scottish town.

• Abundance of Strontium:
  • Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 370
  • Seawater/p.p.m.:
    • Atlantic Suface: 7.6
    • Atlantic Deep: 7.7
    • Pacific Surface: 7.6
    • Pacific Deep: 7.7
  • Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
  • Sun (Relative to H=1E¹²): 790
• Sources of Strontium:

  Found in minerals celestite and strontianite. Annual world wide production is around 137,000 tons. Primary mining areas are UK, Tunisia, Russia, Germany, Mexico and USA.

• Uses of Strontium:

  Used in flares and fireworks for crimson color. Also used in nuclear batteries in buoys and phosphorescent paint.

• Additional Notes:

  A. Crawford first recognized strontium as an element in 1790, but it wasn't isolated until 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy in London England.

Strontium Menu

• Strontium Page One
  • Overview of Strontium
  • Strontium's Name in Other Languages
  • Atomic Structure of Strontium
  • Chemical Properties of Strontium
  • Physical Properties of Strontium
  • Regulatory / Health
  • Who/When/Where/How
• Strontium Page Two
  • Nuclides / Isotopes
  • Potential Parent Nuclides
• Strontium Page Three
  • Common Chemical Compounds of Strontium

References

A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.

Related Resources

• Anatomy of the Atom
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• Molarity, Molality and Normality
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• Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
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• Chemical Database
  This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.

Citing this page

If you need to cite this page, you can copy this text:

Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Strontium - Sr. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2024. Accessed on-line: 12/21/2024
https://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Sr.html
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